Allergies and Probiotics
Hygiene Hypothesis
For
the medical community, the Hygiene Hypothesis grew out
of the growing knowledge that people in the modern Western
world have a much higher incidence of allergies than people
in the rest of the world. The Hygiene Hypothesis basically
says that infants need to be exposed to microbes early
in their lives so the microbes will stimulate their immune
systems to learn how to function properly
(i.e. attack harmful microorganisms). If infants are not
properly exposed to microbes their immune systems begin
to over-react and attack substances that are not harmful,
such as food and environmental allergens. Probiotics (good
bacteria) can provide the stimulation that the immature
immune systems need to develop.
Research
is showing that the Hygiene Hypothesis is correct.
One
of the studies that stands out to me was conducted at
the Centre for Allergy Research by B. Bjorksten, E. Sepp,
K. Julge, T. Voor and M. Mikelsaar. They worked with children
from Western and Eastern cultures. They not only found
that more children from the Western culture developed
allergies but also found that they also had a configuration
of a higher percentage of harmful bacteria in their guts
before the allergies were developed. The researchers say,
"Differences in the composition of the gut flora
between infants who will and infants who will not develop
allergy are demonstrable before the development of any
clinical manifestations of atopy [allergy]." See
B. Bjorksten.
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Another
study was done in connection with the Department of Pediatrics,
Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi, Japan.
The scientists looked at a number of babies to see if there were
neonatal infectious disease (clinical sepsis) during pregnancy
and delivery, plus any bacterial infection after the babies were
born. The results were the following: "Data were obtained
for 410 children (51% [51% of those who started the study completed
it]). One hundred and forty-eight children (36.1%) developed allergic
diseases. Among children whose mothers had allergies, the percentage
of children who developed allergic disease(s) was significantly
lower in children who had had clinical sepsis in the neonatal
period than in those without clinical sepsis (26.1% vs 49.7%,
P < 0.03)." See M. Ryozawa.
Please
see links to abstracts of these two research articles in the green
column in the top right side of this page if you want to read
about the details further. There are also links to abstracts of
eleven other studies on this topic.
By
the way, it certainly does not take a rocket scientist to see
how babies in the Western world are truly exposed to fewer bacteria,
both good and bad, than are infants in the rest of the world.
We peoples of the West are positively paranoid about germs. Most
of us spend a good deal of time and energy in making sure that
we are not exposed to germs, particularly in the foods that we
eat. With our modern farming practices which include pesticides,
fertilizers, the radiation of foods and less fermentation of foods,
our foods no longer provide us with the beneficial organisms our
ancestors had. In addition, many babies have been given antibiotics
which kill all bacteria, helpful or harmful. For those infants
that are bottle-fed, they do not pick up probiotics from their
mothers milk.
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